The humanities help society understand and practice the “good life” in all the senses of wellness and ethics, for oneself and toward others.
This page includes entries from the Center for Humanities Commnication bibliography related to a specific topic. See also other topics in the menu below.
Other Bibliography Topics
Talking Points on the Humanities: Definitions, Values, Contributions
✓
What are humanities? (Definitions of the humanities | Data on the humanities | Surveys of the humanities) | Value of humanities (Careers & Jobs | Citizenship | Community service | Ethics | Languages | Social good | Wellness) | Public humanities | Contributions to other fields (Environmental humanities | Legal humanities | Medical humanities | Science Technology Studies [STS])
Forms & Examples of Communicating the Humanities
✓
Training for Humanities Communicators: Programs, Workshops, Fellowships, Internships
✓
Methods for Humanities Communication
✓
Humanities Organizations & Initiatives
✓
Related >> Science Communication, History of Communication, etc.
✓
Science Communication:
Definitions of SciComm | Writings about SciComm | Journals | Organizations | Conferences | Training Programs & Courses (SciComm pedagogy) | Careers | Surveys of science researchers, educators, and communicators | History of SciComm | Open Science | Examples of SciComm: Science news sites
History Communication:
Writings about history communication | Journals | Organizations | Public history
[Other bibliography accordion menus to go here]
✓
Example link to biblio subpage | …
4855078
HumanitiesValue_SocialGood
1
chicago-fullnote-bibliography
50
creator
asc
1
1
1
605
https://center-humanities-communication.org/wp-content/plugins/zotpress/
%7B%22status%22%3A%22success%22%2C%22updateneeded%22%3Afalse%2C%22instance%22%3Afalse%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22request_last%22%3A0%2C%22request_next%22%3A0%2C%22used_cache%22%3Atrue%7D%2C%22data%22%3A%5B%7B%22key%22%3A%22Z8NDDZYM%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A4855078%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Biriotti%20et%20al.%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222024%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BBiriotti%2C%20Maurice%2C%20Lee%20Grieveson%2C%20Julia%20Jordan%2C%20Nicola%20Miller%2C%20James%20Paskins%2C%20Ian%20Scott%2C%20James%20Wilson%2C%20and%20UCL%20Grand%20Challenges.%20%26%23x201C%3BA%20Case%20for%20the%20Humanities.%26%23x201D%3B%20Report.%20London%2C%20UK%3A%20UCL%20Grand%20Challenges%2C%202024.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.ucl.ac.uk%5C%2Fgrand-challenges%5C%2Fhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.ucl.ac.uk%5C%2Fgrand-challenges%5C%2Fcase-studies%5C%2F2020%5C%2Foct%5C%2Fenquiry-case-humanities%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.ucl.ac.uk%5C%2Fgrand-challenges%5C%2Fhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.ucl.ac.uk%5C%2Fgrand-challenges%5C%2Fcase-studies%5C%2F2020%5C%2Foct%5C%2Fenquiry-case-humanities%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B.%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BCite%20in%20RIS%20Format%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-CiteRIS%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-cite%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D4855078%26amp%3Bitem_key%3DZ8NDDZYM%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BCite%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22report%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22A%20Case%20for%20the%20Humanities%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Maurice%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Biriotti%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Lee%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Grieveson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Julia%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Jordan%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Nicola%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Miller%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22James%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Paskins%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ian%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Scott%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22James%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Wilson%22%7D%2C%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22UCL%20Grand%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Challenges%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22First%20proposed%20in%202020%20and%20supported%20by%20UCL%5Cu2019s%20Grand%20Challenge%20of%20Cultural%20Understanding%2C%20the%20UCL%20Enquiry%20on%20a%20Case%20for%20the%20Humanities%20set%20out%20to%5Cnarticulate%20and%20celebrate%20the%20value%20of%20the%20Humanities.%20This%20Enquiry%20places%20its%20emphasis%20on%20asking%20questions%3A%20it%20is%20not%20an%20official%20inquiry%20or%20inquest%2C%20nor%20a%5Cnprocess%20designed%20to%20come%20up%20with%20a%20specific%2C%20single%20answer.%20It%20is%2C%20instead%2C%20a%20thoughtful%20search%20for%20insights%2C%20conducted%20in%20the%20spirit%20of%20the%20approach%20Humanities%20scholars%20take%20to%20their%20subjects.%20Liberated%20from%20the%20burden%20of%20serving%20any%20particular%20purpose%20or%20interest%2C%20those%20involved%20in%20the%20Enquiry%20set%20themselves%20the%20task%20of%20examining%20and%20expressing%20the%20vital%20role%20of%20the%20Humanities%20in%20a%20rapidly%20changing%20world.%22%2C%22reportNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22reportType%22%3A%22Report%22%2C%22institution%22%3A%22UCL%20Grand%20Challenges%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222024%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISBN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.ucl.ac.uk%5C%2Fgrand-challenges%5C%2Fhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.ucl.ac.uk%5C%2Fgrand-challenges%5C%2Fcase-studies%5C%2F2020%5C%2Foct%5C%2Fenquiry-case-humanities%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22eng%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222024-09-17T21%3A08%3A37Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%228S93XRFY%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A4855078%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Floor%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222017%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BFloor%2C%20Ann.%20%26%23x201C%3BWhy%20Humanities%20Matter%20%7C%20Continuum.%26%23x201D%3B%20Continuum%2C%202017.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fcontinuum.utah.edu%5C%2Ffeatures%5C%2Fwhy-humanities-matter%5C%2F%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fcontinuum.utah.edu%5C%2Ffeatures%5C%2Fwhy-humanities-matter%5C%2F%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B.%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BCite%20in%20RIS%20Format%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-CiteRIS%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-cite%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D4855078%26amp%3Bitem_key%3D8S93XRFY%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BCite%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22webpage%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Why%20Humanities%20Matter%20%7C%20Continuum%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Ann%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Floor%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Interview%20with%20Dianne%20Harris%2C%20Senior%20Program%20Office%20at%20the%20Andrew%20W.%20Mellon%20Foundation.%26lt%3Bbr%20%5C%2F%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3Bbr%20%5C%2F%26gt%3B%5Cn%5BExcerpt%5D%20Dianne%20Harris%3A%20We%20are%20living%20in%20profoundly%20complex%20times%20that%20demand%20mastery%20of%20the%20skills%20we%20teach%20in%20the%20humanities%20to%20successfully%20navigate%20many%20key%20aspects%20of%20daily%20life.%20The%20future%20of%20our%20democracy%20depends%20on%20a%20citizenry%20that%20deeply%20understands%20its%20past%3B%20that%20communicates%20clearly%20and%20effectively%3B%20that%20is%20able%20to%20read%20texts%20with%20care%20and%20discernment%20so%20that%20fact%20can%20be%20sorted%20from%20fiction%3B%20that%20understands%20ethics%20and%20the%20underpinnings%20of%20logic%20and%20what%20is%20at%20stake%20in%20the%20leading%20of%20an%20ethical%20life%3B%20that%20understands%20how%20to%20frame%20a%20clear%20and%20compelling%20argument%20based%20in%20rigorously%20produced%20research%3B%20that%20embraces%20the%20rich%20mosaic%20of%20difference%20in%20all%20its%20forms%20and%20understands%20that%20our%20differences%20are%20what%20make%20us%20great%3B%20that%20is%20multilingual%20and%20values%20diverse%20modes%20of%20communication.%5Cn%5CnWe%20need%20to%20strive%20for%20a%20population%20that%20is%20as%20widely%20educated%20as%20possible%20in%20the%20critical%20realms%20of%20knowledge%20that%20are%20not%20simply%20aimed%20at%20problem-solving%2C%20but%20that%20instead%20permit%20our%20citizens%20to%20understand%20how%20to%20frame%20the%20most%20pressing%20problems%20that%20exist%20now%2C%20and%20to%20forecast%20what%20those%20will%20be%20in%20the%20future.%20That%20requires%20creative%20thinking%2C%20not%20just%20problem-solving%20capabilities.%20If%20we%20don%5Cu2019t%20ensure%20such%20an%20educated%20citizenry%2C%20one%20that%20is%20steeped%20in%20a%20humanities%20education%2C%20our%20future%20looks%20far%20less%20bright%2C%20and%20our%20democracy%20will%20be%20increasingly%20destabilized.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222017%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fcontinuum.utah.edu%5C%2Ffeatures%5C%2Fwhy-humanities-matter%5C%2F%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-12-03T02%3A42%3A14Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22JDP5YKJ8%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A4855078%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Franke%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222000%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BFranke%2C%20Richard.%20%26%23x201C%3BDemocratic%20Vistas%20for%20the%20Humanities.%26%23x201D%3B%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BImagining%20America%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2C%202000.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-ItemURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fsurface.syr.edu%5C%2Fia%5C%2F27%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fsurface.syr.edu%5C%2Fia%5C%2F27%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B.%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BCite%20in%20RIS%20Format%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-CiteRIS%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-cite%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D4855078%26amp%3Bitem_key%3DJDP5YKJ8%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BCite%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Democratic%20Vistas%20for%20the%20Humanities%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22Richard%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Franke%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Richard%20J.%20Franke%2C%20author%2C%20Cut%20from%20Whole%20Cloth%2C%20draws%20from%20his%20experience%20as%20founding%20chairman%20of%20the%20Chicago%20Humanities%20Festival%20and%20as%20CEO%20of%20John%20Nuveen%20and%20Company%2C%20to%20tackle%20the%20question%2C%20%5Cu201cHow%20do%20we%20bring%20scholars%20and%20artists%20to%20a%20larger%20audience%3F%5Cu201d%20Stepping%20back%2C%20he%20also%20asks%2C%20%5Cu201cWhy%20is%20it%20important%20to%20reach%20a%20larger%20audience%3F%5Cu201d%5Cn%5CnFranke%20argues%20here%20that%20the%20humanities%20can%20best%20train%20citizens%20to%20make%20the%20complex%20political%2C%20social%2C%20and%20moral%20decisions%20that%20constitute%20a%20healthy%20democracy.%20Not%20only%20are%20the%20humanities%20crucial%20to%20the%20political%20and%20social%20spheres%2C%20but%20also%20to%20the%20professional%20world%20where%20they%20can%20strengthen%20critical%20thinking%2C%20creativity%2C%20and%20leadership.%20Grappling%20with%20the%20perception%20of%20the%20humanities%20as%20elitist%2C%20he%20dismisses%20the%20temptation%20to%20sacrifice%20standards%20of%20excellence%20for%20accessibility%20and%20mass%20appeal.%20Instead%2C%20he%20offers%20guidelines%20on%20how%20artists%20and%20scholars%20can%20engage%20the%20public%3A%20capitalize%20on%20the%20strengths%20of%20scholarly%20expertise%20and%20tradition%20of%20debate%2C%20hold%20public%20discussions%20about%20the%20relation%20of%20humanities%20to%20citizenship%20and%20the%20public%20sphere%2C%20and%20emphasize%20their%20practical%20and%20entertainment%20value.%20In%20short%2C%20he%20writes%2C%20%5Cu201cWe%20need%20to%20make%20the%20humanities%20available%20not%20merely%20for%20survival%20in%20an%20increasingly%20commercial%20world%2C%20but%20for%20the%20sake%20of%20democracy.%5Cu201d%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222000%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%22%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fsurface.syr.edu%5C%2Fia%5C%2F27%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%22%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-12-03T02%3A42%3A25Z%22%7D%7D%2C%7B%22key%22%3A%22E2E6W76S%22%2C%22library%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A4855078%7D%2C%22meta%22%3A%7B%22lastModifiedByUser%22%3A%7B%22id%22%3A22837%2C%22username%22%3A%22ayliu%22%2C%22name%22%3A%22Alan%20Liu%22%2C%22links%22%3A%7B%22alternate%22%3A%7B%22href%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.zotero.org%5C%2Fayliu%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22text%5C%2Fhtml%22%7D%7D%7D%2C%22creatorSummary%22%3A%22Shumway%22%2C%22parsedDate%22%3A%222016%22%2C%22numChildren%22%3A0%7D%2C%22bib%22%3A%22%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-bib-body%26quot%3B%20style%3D%26quot%3Bline-height%3A%201.35%3B%20padding-left%3A%201em%3B%20text-indent%3A-1em%3B%26quot%3B%26gt%3B%5Cn%20%20%26lt%3Bdiv%20class%3D%26quot%3Bcsl-entry%26quot%3B%26gt%3BShumway%2C%20David%20R.%20%26%23x201C%3BWhy%20the%20Humanities%20Must%20Be%20Public.%26%23x201D%3B%20%26lt%3Bi%26gt%3BUniversity%20of%20Toronto%20Quarterly%26lt%3B%5C%2Fi%26gt%3B%2085%2C%20no.%204%20%282016%29%3A%2033%26%23×2013%3B45.%20%26lt%3Ba%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-DOIURL%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3138%5C%2Futq.85.4.33%26%23039%3B%26gt%3Bhttps%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fdoi.org%5C%2F10.3138%5C%2Futq.85.4.33%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B.%20%26lt%3Ba%20title%3D%26%23039%3BCite%20in%20RIS%20Format%26%23039%3B%20class%3D%26%23039%3Bzp-CiteRIS%26%23039%3B%20data-zp-cite%3D%26%23039%3Bapi_user_id%3D4855078%26amp%3Bitem_key%3DE2E6W76S%26%23039%3B%20href%3D%26%23039%3Bjavascript%3Avoid%280%29%3B%26%23039%3B%26gt%3BCite%26lt%3B%5C%2Fa%26gt%3B%20%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%5Cn%26lt%3B%5C%2Fdiv%26gt%3B%22%2C%22data%22%3A%7B%22itemType%22%3A%22journalArticle%22%2C%22title%22%3A%22Why%20the%20Humanities%20Must%20Be%20Public%22%2C%22creators%22%3A%5B%7B%22creatorType%22%3A%22author%22%2C%22firstName%22%3A%22David%20R.%22%2C%22lastName%22%3A%22Shumway%22%7D%5D%2C%22abstractNote%22%3A%22Many%20academics%20continue%20to%20assume%20or%20actively%20advocate%20for%20the%20idea%20of%20the%20university%20as%20radically%20autonomous%20from%20both%20state%20and%20civil%20society.%20This%20view%20was%20articulated%20by%20nineteenth-century%20German%20idealists%2C%20and%20has%20remained%20influential%2C%20but%20the%20university%20it%20imagines%20has%20never%20existed%2C%20even%20in%20Germany.%20My%20argument%20is%20that%20we%20need%20to%20reconceive%20the%20humanities%26%23039%3B%20relation%20to%20the%20public.%20While%20we%20will%20want%20to%20continue%20to%20insist%20on%20a%20degree%20of%20autonomy%20greater%20than%20that%20enjoyed%20by%20most%20other%20American%20workers%2C%20we%20need%20to%20reconceive%20that%20autonomy%20as%20granted%20in%20the%20service%20of%20the%20public%20good%2C%20and%20we%20need%20to%20make%20the%20knowledge%20we%20produce%20available%20and%20accessible%20to%20those%20outside%20of%20academe.%22%2C%22date%22%3A%222016%22%2C%22section%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partNumber%22%3A%22%22%2C%22partTitle%22%3A%22%22%2C%22DOI%22%3A%2210.3138%5C%2Futq.85.4.33%22%2C%22citationKey%22%3A%22%22%2C%22url%22%3A%22https%3A%5C%2F%5C%2Fwww.utpjournals.press%5C%2Fdoi%5C%2Ffull%5C%2F10.3138%5C%2Futq.85.4.33%22%2C%22PMID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22PMCID%22%3A%22%22%2C%22ISSN%22%3A%220042-0247%22%2C%22language%22%3A%22en%22%2C%22collections%22%3A%5B%5D%2C%22dateModified%22%3A%222025-12-03T02%3A50%3A14Z%22%7D%7D%5D%7D
Biriotti, Maurice, Lee Grieveson, Julia Jordan, Nicola Miller, James Paskins, Ian Scott, James Wilson, and UCL Grand Challenges. “A Case for the Humanities.” Report. London, UK: UCL Grand Challenges, 2024. https://www.ucl.ac.uk/grand-challenges/https://www.ucl.ac.uk/grand-challenges/case-studies/2020/oct/enquiry-case-humanities. Cite
Floor, Ann. “Why Humanities Matter | Continuum.” Continuum, 2017. https://continuum.utah.edu/features/why-humanities-matter/. Cite
Franke, Richard. “Democratic Vistas for the Humanities.” Imagining America, 2000. https://surface.syr.edu/ia/27. Cite
Shumway, David R. “Why the Humanities Must Be Public.” University of Toronto Quarterly 85, no. 4 (2016): 33–45. https://doi.org/10.3138/utq.85.4.33. Cite